Overview

How does Wave accounting for solopreneurs actually work?

Wave is the leading free accounting platform for US and Canadian solopreneurs and very small businesses. The core accounting features (invoicing, bank reconciliation, expense tracking, basic reporting) are entirely free; Wave monetises through paid payroll, payments processing and the optional Wave Advisor service.

For solopreneurs and very small businesses (typically under $150k revenue), Wave is often the right software choice. There's no reason to pay a monthly subscription for QuickBooks when Wave is free and the feature gap doesn't matter at small scale. The constraint is service: solopreneurs still need a real accountant for tax filing, year-end work and strategic advice.

We provide that service inside your Wave subscription. You keep using Wave (it stays free); we handle the bookkeeping cleanup, tax preparation and advisory work. Where a year or more of records is missing, the rebuild is priced as catch-up bookkeeping before the monthly service starts. Pricing reflects scale, from $500/month for basic solopreneur scope including annual tax return.

What we do in Wave

What we do in Wave.

Professional accounting service inside free software.

  • Monthly bookkeeping cleanup We review your Wave entries monthly, fix miscoded transactions, ensure reconciliation is clean. You keep doing day-to-day; we keep books tidy.
  • Annual tax returns US: Schedule C (sole props), Form 1040, state returns. Canada: T1 personal return, T2125 self-employment statement.
  • Quarterly estimated tax (US) Form 1040-ES quarterly payments calculated. State estimates coordinated.
  • Sales tax (where applicable) For Wave users with sales-tax obligations, multi-state nexus tracking. Avalara or TaxJar integrated.
  • Annual close & year-end review Year-end reconciliation, depreciation, and clean trial balance prepared for tax return.
  • Wave to QuickBooks migrationWhen you outgrow Wave (typically $150k+ revenue or when you hire your first employee), we migrate you to QuickBooks Online cleanly.
  • Advisory check-ins Annual planning conversation: pension, business structure (sole prop vs LLC vs S-corp), expense optimisation.
  • 1099-NEC issuance For US Wave users with contractor payments above the $600 threshold. W-9 collection, 1099 filing, recipient distribution.
Best for

When Wave is the right choice.

Specifically for very small US and Canadian businesses.

01

US/CA solopreneurs

Single-person businesses under ~$150k revenue. Free software, paid service.

02

Single-member LLCs

LLC structure with passthrough taxation. Wave + Schedule C handles it.

03

Side hustles & freelancers

For people running a second income source. Wave is materially cheaper than QuickBooks.

04

Pre-employee businesses

Until you hire your first employee, Wave is sufficient. Hiring usually triggers a move to QuickBooks + Gusto.

Platform comparison

Wave vs QuickBooks, FreshBooks and Neat.

What the free platform actually costs you, set against the three paid alternatives a solopreneur considers.

Wave vs QuickBooks, FreshBooks and Neat.
CriterionWaveQuickBooks OnlineFreshBooksNeat
Core accounting costFreePaidPaidPaid
MarketsUnited States and Canada onlyUS, Canada, UK, Australia and moreUS, Canada, UKUnited States
Best fitSole proprietors and single-member LLCs under about $150kAnything that hires or holds stockConsultancies billing by the hourExpense-heavy service businesses
PayrollWave Payroll, paid add-onFull ecosystem: Gusto, Rippling, ADPIntegration onlyWeak
Multi-state sales taxBasic, needs Avalara or TaxJarStrongest of the fourNeeds TaxJarLimited
Reporting depthProfit and loss, balance sheet, little moreSegment, project and class reportingProject profitabilityExpense analysis
Our positionRight answer until you hire, then moveUpgrade target, see QuickBooks ProAdvisor accountantsSee FreshBooks accountantsSee Neat accountants
The honest answer

Is free accounting software a false economy?

Not at this size, and we will say so even though it means quoting a lower software line than a firm selling you a subscription. A sole proprietor with one bank account, forty invoices a year and no employees gets everything they need from Wave. The feature gap against a paid platform is real and completely irrelevant until the business changes shape. What is not free is the judgement: which expenses are allowable, what to set aside for tax, and when the structure should change.

The move happens at the first hire, almost without exception. Payroll pulls in federal deposits, state withholding, unemployment insurance and a quarterly Form 941, with deposit frequency set by the lookback rules in IRS Publication 15 (Circular E). That is a compliance calendar, not a feature request, and it is the point at which the QuickBooks and Gusto pairing earns its cost.

Worked example, illustrative rather than a real client. A freelance developer bills $96,000 across a year with $11,000 of expenses, leaving $85,000 of net profit on a Schedule C. Self-employment tax alone runs to roughly $12,000 before income tax, payable in four instalments on Form 1040-ES rather than once in April. The client who sets that aside monthly never has a problem. The one who discovers it in filing season does, and free software has nothing to do with either outcome.

Canadian solopreneurs run the same pattern with different forms, filing a T1 with the T2125 self-employment statement and registering for GST/HST once the small supplier threshold is passed, as set out by the Canada Revenue Agency. Our market pages cover both routes: accountants for US small businesses and accountants for Canadian SMEs. Day to day work sits under cloud bookkeeping services, the annual filings under tax compliance, and structure questions under accountants for freelancers and contractors and sole trader accounting. Anything Wave cannot do is done by a person instead, and all of that work appears in our complete accounting service list.

"Wave plus Accountaire costs me $95/month total. My old setup was QuickBooks plus a high-street CPA charging $4k/year. Same outcome, dramatically lower cost."
F
Freelance consultantSole proprietor · Pacific Northwest

Wave-specific questions.

Is Wave really free?
The accounting side genuinely is. Where money changes hands it stops: card and bank payment processing takes a percentage of every invoice collected, and payroll is billed monthly plus a charge per person paid. Wave publishes both on its own pricing page. The cost nobody plans for is the exit, because export options are limited and a later move means rebuilding opening balances rather than lifting the ledger across.
When should I move from Wave to QuickBooks?
Generally when you hire your first employee (Wave Payroll exists but the QBO ecosystem with Gusto / Rippling is more capable), when revenue exceeds ~$150k, or when you need more sophisticated reporting. We handle the migration.
Can Wave handle US multi-state sales tax?
Only in the narrow sense that you can create a tax rate and apply it to an invoice line. Nothing tracks a nexus threshold for you, and nothing produces a breakdown by jurisdiction, so any state with local district rates has to be worked out away from the ledger. Registration also brings a filing obligation in periods where you sold nothing there. That is usually the point to move platform.
Does Wave work in the UK?
No. Wave focuses on the US and Canada. UK users should use FreeAgent (free with NatWest banking) or Xero.
How much should I set aside for tax?
For a US sole proprietor with no other income, a reasonable working rule is 25 to 30 per cent of net profit held back for federal income tax and self-employment tax combined, with state tax on top where it applies. We refine that after the first quarter using your actual numbers, and we would rather over-reserve early in the year than deliver a surprise in April.
Do I need to register for GST/HST in Canada?
Once you stop being a small supplier, registration is mandatory, and it brings a filing cycle with it. Voluntary registration below the threshold can still be worth it where you have significant input tax to recover, which is common for a business buying equipment in its first year. We run the calculation before recommending either way.
What happens when I hire my first employee?
We move you to QuickBooks Online with a payroll provider, usually Gusto for a small team. Wave Payroll exists and works, but the integration depth around QuickBooks is materially better once there are pay runs, benefits and a quarterly Form 941 in the picture. The migration itself takes about two weeks.
How much do you charge for Wave-based service?
The software being free changes nothing about the work behind it. What moves the fee is how many accounts need reconciling, whether quarterly estimates and state returns are in scope, and how many contractors need a Form 1099-NEC in January. A single-member LLC with one bank account and no contractors sits at the bottom of the range. Add a second state and it does not.
Alternatives we support

Other platforms.

TARGET

QuickBooks

Common upgrade target when you outgrow Wave.

Explore
ALT

FreshBooks

Paid alternative for service-based solopreneurs.

Explore
ALT

Xero

More capable platform once you scale.

Explore
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